Umbrella vs Limited Company: Full Comparison 2026/27

Which structure puts more money in your pocket? An honest comparison with worked examples.

Last updated: April 2026

The Direct Answer

Outside IR35: A limited company typically takes home £10,000–£20,000 more per year on a £500/day rate. Inside IR35: Take-home is very similar, but a limited company carries more admin cost and no advantage.

Head-to-Head Comparison

Factor
Umbrella
Limited Company
Better
Take-Home Pay (outside IR35)
Lower — all income taxed as PAYE
Higher — salary + dividends
Ltd Co
Take-Home Pay (inside IR35)
Similar — both taxed as employment income
Similar — but with added admin cost
Draw
Admin Burden
Very low — zero admin required
High — annual accounts, VAT, payroll, CT returns
Umbrella
Accountant Fees
None
£75–£150/month typically
Umbrella
Employment Rights
Full — sick pay, maternity, holiday pay
None — you're a director, not an employee
Umbrella
IR35 Risk
None — always inside IR35
Moderate — must assess each contract
Umbrella
Pension Options
Workplace pension (auto-enrolled)
Greater flexibility — employer pension contributions
Ltd Co
Expenses
Severely restricted since 2016
Business expenses allowable (if genuine)
Ltd Co
Flexibility
High — switch easily between contracts
High — but closing company has implications
Draw
Setup Cost
None
£12–£50 to incorporate + ongoing costs
Umbrella

Choose Umbrella When:

  • Your contracts are inside IR35
  • You want minimal administration
  • You're new to contracting
  • You value employment rights
  • Contracts are short-term or irregular
  • Day rate is below £300/day

Choose Limited Company When:

  • Your contracts are consistently outside IR35
  • Day rate is £300+/day
  • You can absorb accountant costs (£1,500–£2,000/year)
  • You want flexibility in tax planning
  • Contracts are longer-term and stable
  • You want to retain profits in the company

The IR35 Factor

IR35 is the legislation that determines whether you are a "disguised employee" or a genuine contractor. If HMRC considers your engagement to be caught by IR35, your limited company income must be treated as employment income — eliminating the tax advantage of the limited company structure.

Since the 2021 off-payroll working reforms, most medium and large employers (who constitute most high-paying contract opportunities) must make the IR35 status determination — and many issue blanket "inside IR35" determinations to reduce their risk exposure.

If you're consistently working inside IR35, the umbrella company is almost always the better choice. The limited company structure costs more (in accountant fees), provides no tax advantage, and still requires administration.

Learn more about IR35 and how it affects your pay →

Calculate Umbrella Take-Home

Enter your day rate to compare your umbrella take-home pay.

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Frequently Asked Questions